Kontakt 2007, 9(2):343-352 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2007.052
Autonomy, Independence and the Satisfaction of Needs of the Elderly PeopleHealth and Social Sciences
- Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, Zdravotně sociální fakulta, katedra supervize a odborné praxe
The theoretical part describes concepts of the autonomy, heteronomy, dependence and independence in old age and relationships between each other. The author deals with the classification of needs, with their importance and satisfying needs of senior. The autonomy is defined by Pichaud and Thareau (1998) as a capability of conducting the live in accordance with one's own rules. Within this concept, the meaning of the world autonomy is close to the world freedom. To be autonomous in older age means to make free decisions about one's own style of life. The heteronomy is the concept opposite to the autonomy. If we speak about the heteronomy in old age, this means that a senior cannot make free decisions about his/her style of life and that his/her behaviour and decisions are subjected to a control or management by other people. The dependence and independence in the old age is associated with self-sufficiency of the senior. The self-sufficiency is defined as his/her ability to take adequate care of himself/herself and of his/her household. The self-sufficiency has its physical, psychical, social and material components. In the practical part, there are results of questionnaire examinations, which concern satisfying needs of seniors in an old people's home or in a boarding house and of those living in their own households. The research was implemented from the beginning of July to the half of August 2004 in the South-Bohemian region and the target of the research was determination, whether physiological requirements, necessary safety, social means, requirements for autonomy, need of self-fulfilment and development of their own activities are satisfied in the old people's home and in the boarding house. A question was also considered, whether seniors living in home environment are independent of or dependent on the help of the other person.
Keywords: autonomy; heteronomy; dependence; independence; satisfying needs; seniors
Received: October 19, 2007; Accepted: November 16, 2007; Published: December 21, 2007 Show citation
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