Kontakt X:X | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2025.057

The prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) in marginalised Roma populations: a quantitative analysis in three segregated settlements of Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County, HungaryOšetřovatelství - původní práce

Kinga Pauwlik ORCID...1, *, Gyöngyi Major1, 2, Krisztina Gebriné Éles ORCID...2, Anita R. Fedor ORCID...3
1 University of Pécs, Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Pécs, Hungary
2 University of Debrecen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Nyíregyháza, Hungary
3 University of Debrecen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Social Sciences, Department of Social Sciences and Social Work, Quality of Life and Sociology of Health Coordination Research Centre, Nyíregyháza, Hungary

Objectives: This study examined the prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) among Roma women living in segregated settlements in Hungary and explored associated social and behavioural risk factors, with particular attention to health behaviours and access to antenatal care. Design and participants: A cross-sectional quantitative survey was conducted with 231 Roma women from three segregated settlements in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County. Data were collected through structured, face-to-face interviews in the participants' home environment.

Methods: The questionnaire included sociodemographic, behavioural, and antenatal care variables. Data were analysed using SPSS 25.0, with chi-square tests and binary logistic regression applied to identify determinants of LBW.

Results: The prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) was 13.4%. In bivariate analyses, smoking (χ2 = 10.380, p = 0.001), limited antenatal care attendance (χ2 = 5.164, p = 0.023), and vaginal infection (χ2 = 7.030, p = 0.008) were significantly associated with LBW, whereas alcohol consumption, drug use, and vitamin supplementation were not. In multivariable models, smoking showed a borderline association with LBW (AOR = 3.276, 95% CI 0.996-10.774, p = 0.051); other covariates were not significant.

Conclusion: LBW among Roma women in segregated communities appears to be shaped by modifiable behavioural and structural factors; priorities include culturally sensitive, community-embedded actions to reduce smoking and improve access to antenatal care. Further longitudinal research is warranted to confirm these associations and evaluate the effectiveness of targeted interventions.

Klíčová slova:  Antenatal care; Low birth weight; Roma women; Segregated communities; Smoking; Social determinants
Střet zájmů:

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Vloženo: 17. červen 2025; Revidováno: 5. říjen 2025; Přijato: 10. listopad 2025; Zveřejněno online: 19. listopad 2025 

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