Kontakt - Nejnovější články
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Transforming disability assessment in Albania: progress and challenges of the biopsychosocial model
Xhulia Musta, Rudina Rama, Edita Fino
Kontakt 2026, 28(1):106-113 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2026.006 
Introduction: Disability assessment in Albania has traditionally relied on a medical model that conceptualises disability as a personal deficit arising from individual impairment. This model has been widely criticised for its stigmatising nature, inefficiency, and limited capacity to improve quality of life for persons with disabilities (PwDs). In 2019, Albania initiated a policy shift towards the biopsychosocial model, which recognises disability as the outcome of complex interactions among biological, social, and psychological factors. Aim: This article reviews the progress of the biopsychosocial model's implementation in Albania since its inception,...
The online environment as a risk factor for suicidal behaviour in adolescents: challenges for social work
Soňa Šrobárová *, Marek Stachoň
Kontakt 2026, 28(1):98-105 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2026.012
Introduction: The study examines the relationship between the use of digital environments and suicidal vulnerability among adolescents aged 15-18, emphasizing the implications for contemporary social work practice. The research responds to the growing need for evidence-based approaches to understanding how online interactions influence youth mental health, loneliness, and help-seeking behaviour. Methods: A mixed-methods design was employed. The quantitative component consisted of an electronic questionnaire administered to secondary-school students aged 15-18 (n = 168), verified for reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.87). The qualitative component...
The position of social workers within the Slovak healthcare system in relation to overwork and coping with stressful situations
Martina Mojtová *, Elena Gažiková, Ján Gabura
Kontakt 2026, 28(1):88-97 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2026.007
Aim: Determine the perception of the position of social workers in Slovak healthcare in relation to overwork and coping with stressful situations. Methods: This research study has a quantitative design with the use of a self-made questionnaire. The research sample consists of 59 social workers working in various healthcare facilities in the Slovak Republic. Results: The results show that the vast majority of respondents agree with codifying the legal status for social workers in healthcare into law. The results also point to the work overload of social workers in healthcare and statistically don't significantly differ with respect to their years of...
The relationship between happiness at work and organizational commitment: a study of medical secretaries
Betul Sari, Hilal Ekim Kiratli, Halil Can Aydemir
Kontakt 2026, 28(1):79-87 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2026.004
Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between happiness at work and organizational commitment among medical secretaries and to determine the extent to which happiness at work influences organizational commitment. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between January and May 2025. The research included 394 medical secretaries employed in public and private sector institutions in Mersin, Turkiye, who voluntarily agreed to participate. Data were collected using the Descriptive Information Form, the Happiness at Work Scale (HWS), and the Organizational Commitment Scale (OCS). Results: The mean HWS score of the participants...
From expertise to empathy: multi-dimensional brand perception in Czech healthcare
Zbyněk Stavař, Alena Hricová
Kontakt 2026, 28(1):73-78 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2025.053
Background: Brand management in healthcare is becoming increasingly important due to marketization and rising patient expectations. However, the specific nature of this sector - including ethical norms and patient vulnerability - challenges the direct application of commercial branding models. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify key factors influencing brand perception among Czech healthcare users, and to analyze the impact of sociodemographic and lifestyle variables on this perception. Methods: A quantitative survey was conducted on a representative online panel of 502 Czech adults. The structured questionnaire focused on brand awareness,...
The role of mindfulness programs in reducing student anxiety and stress
Adelina Kakija *, Denalda Bashota
Kontakt 2026, 28(1):65-72 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2026.003
Introduction: In recent years, mindfulness programs have gained increasing attention as effective interventions for managing anxiety and stress among students. The aim of the study is to explore the impact of mindfulness-based practices on student mental health, with a focus on reducing anxiety and stress levels in educational settings. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of various mindfulness interventions, including Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), and to identify the mechanisms through which mindfulness influences mental well-being. Methods: The methodology involves a mixed-methods study,...
Factors accompanying the grieving process in the perception of widowed elderly women
Martina Černá *, Jana Gabrielová
Kontakt 2026, 28(1):60-64 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2025.061
Aim: The aim is to describe the factors that accompany the grieving process following the loss of a partner, from the perception of widowed elderly women. Theoretical base: Grieving is a taboo topic in the Czech environment. Grieving people are misunderstood by those around them, who often do not know how to behave towards them, what communication strategies to choose, and which aspects of everyday life are burdensome. Methods: Accompanying factors were described based on an analysis of 15 interviews with widowed elderly women whose partner died as a result of a serious illness. The grieving process in these cases differs in many aspects to that of...
Substance abuse in occupational therapy: a questionnaire survey among Czech occupational therapists
Lenka Hormandlová, Petra Sládková
Kontakt 2026, 28(1):52-59 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2026.005
The aim of the study was to map the awareness, attitudes, and experiences of occupational therapists in the Czech Republic regarding substance abuse among clients/patients in occupational therapy. The research focused on the frequency of contact with these clients, the impact on therapy, the availability of professional education in this area, and attitudes towards prevention and interventions. Emphasis was also placed on the importance of multidisciplinary cooperation. Data were collected through an online questionnaire created by the authors, distributed among members of the Czech Association of Occupational Therapists (CAE) and disseminated through...
Sedentary behavior as a discriminator of functional disability among older adults: a cross-sectional study
Daniele Pereira de Santana, Lucas dos Santos, Italo Emmanoel Silva e Silva, Paulo Gonçalves Júnior, José Ailton Oliveira Carneiro, Thaís Alves Brito, Rafael Pereira, Marcos Henrique Fernandes, Lucimere Bohn, Jorge Mota, Raildo da Silva Coqueiro
Kontakt 2026, 28(1):44-51 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2026.009
Objectives: To investigate the association between sedentary behavior and functional disability in instrumental activities of daily living among older adults, and to determine the accuracy and optimal cutoff point of sedentary behavior for the discrimination of functional disability. Methods: This is a population-based, cross-sectional epidemiological survey of 318 older adults (mean age: 74.6 ± 9.7 years old) from Northeastern Brazil. Functional disability in instrumental activities of daily living was assessed using the Lawton scale (presence or absence). Sedentary behavior time was quantified using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire....
Maternal satisfaction with childbirth in selected healthcare facilities in the Moravian-Silesian Region
Kateřina Kliš, Radka Kozáková *
Kontakt 2026, 28(1):38-43 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2026.010
Objectives: The aim of this article was to determine the level of maternal satisfaction with childbirth in selected healthcare facilities in the Moravian-Silesian Region and to analyze the relationships between childbirth satisfaction and selected sociodemographic and psychosocial factors, including mode of delivery, participation in antenatal education, and overall life satisfaction. Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted among 157 women in the early postpartum period. The Czech version of the Labor and Delivery Satisfaction Index (LADSI-CZ) and the Personal Wellbeing Index - Adult (PWI-CZ) were used for data collection. Descriptive...
Nursing students' beliefs and attitudes towards mental illness: stigmatization, discrimination, and professional influences
Behiye Dilmen Bayar *, İbrahim Dağ
Kontakt 2026, 28(1):31-37 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2026.002
Background: It is important that individuals with mental illness are not stigmatized by health professionals. Purpose: This descriptive correlational study aimed to determine the relationship between nursing students' beliefs about mental illness and their attitudes toward people with mental health problems. Methods: The study was conducted with 200 nursing students using the Descriptive Characteristics Form, Beliefs about Mental Illness Scale (BMI), and Community Attitudes Towards Mentally Ill Individuals Scale (CAMI). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, Anova, and pearson correlation analysis. Results: The mean BMI total...
Social and emotional determinants of death anxiety in the context of health care
Norbert Domonkos, Kornélia Helembai, István Vingender
Kontakt 2026, 28(1):24-30 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2025.062
Introduction: Health care professionals (HCPs) often meet terminal patients in the course of their work, which potentially poses psychological and existential challenges. The identification of individual and social factors associated with fear of death (FoD) is crucial for prevention. Objective: The objective of the study was to explore the psychological and social variables related to FoD levels among HCPs. Methods: In a quantitative, cross-sectional study, the Multidimensional Fear of Death Scale was applied (N = 500). Data were analysed with Mann-Whitney, Spearman's, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: The mean FoD score was 129.76 points....
Transforming menopausal health: an experimental study on the impact of an empowerment program
S Ramyashree, Jacintha Veigas, K S Dileep, Shishir Kumar
Kontakt 2026, 28(1):16-23 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2026.001
The study aimed to determine how well the empowerment program works to raise the general standard of living for menopausal women. Thirty participants were used in a real experimental design that took a comprehensive approach to health outcomes. The participants were randomly assigned to a control and an intervention group, and baseline data were collected using biophysical indicators. The results showed that the intervention group's mean age was 51 years, and the majority of participants were from nuclear families. The mean post-test score for menopausal symptoms was 15.9 + 3.08, which is significantly less than the average pre-test score of 22.4 +...
Determinants of nurses' distress during organ donation after circulatory death
Jana Křivková, Jiří Šimek, Alena Lochmannová, Pavel Leden, Tomáš Karel
Kontakt 2026, 28(1):10-15 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2025.056
Background: Organ donation after circulatory death (DCD) poses ethical, emotional, and procedural challenges for nurses at critical junctures of the donation pathway. Despite its growing adoption to address organ shortages, determinants of nurse distress in DCD remain underexplored - especially in Central Europe. Aim: To quantify associations between nurse distress during key DCD phases and four factors: (1) perceived ethical dilemma, (2) level of personal participation, (3) perceived professional respect, and (4) cumulative DCD experience. Methods: A cross sectional survey of Czech ICU nurses used a bespoke questionnaire to rate discomfort at twenty...
Understanding healthcare professionals' perspectives on factors influencing public decisions to donate organs after brain death: a qualitative study
Mirko Prosen, Anet Rožnik
Kontakt 2026, 28(1):3-9 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2025.045
Introduction: Organ transplantation is often the only effective and successful treatment for end-stage organ failure, but it still faces many challenges today, one of which is the shortage of donors after brain death. The aim of the study was to determine the attitudes and beliefs of healthcare professionals about people's willingness to donate organs after brain death. Methods: A qualitative research method was used. Six focus groups were conducted in February and March 2024 with a purposive quota sample of 24 healthcare professionals. The data collected was analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Six themes were identified: (1) healthcare professionals'...
The importance of studying sociology for nursing
Sylva Bártlová*
Kontakt 2026, 28(1):1-2 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2026.016
Motivation, expectations, and needs of foster parents
Roman Pospíšil, Adéla Klementová
Kontakt 2025, 27(4):391-397 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2025.038
Introduction: In the Czech Republic, there is a lack of research examining the motivations and expectations of foster parents, as well as how foster care fulfils their needs. One of the main reasons why we are addressing this issue is that institutional care for children under the age of 3 was abolished at the end of 2024 and replaced by family care. Objectives: The paper aims to examine the experiences of individuals in the process of providing foster care. Methods: The research was carried out using a qualitative research strategy. The research population was foster parents from the Moravian-Silesian region. The data were collected through a semi-structured...
Child clients' perspectives on the continuity of professional care for children and adolescents with mental illness
Klaudie Němečková *, Alena Hricová
Kontakt 2025, 27(4):384-390 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2025.044
The study focuses on the experiences of children and adolescents with mental health problems in the context of continuity of professional care in the Czech Republic. Using a qualitative methodology, 33 in-depth interviews with young people aged 11-18 who had personal experience with various forms of psychiatric, psychological, or social intervention were analysed. The aim was to capture their perceptions of transitions between institutions, barriers in the system, and needs that were not met during care. Data analysis through reflective thematic analysis revealed six key areas influencing the experience of continuity of care: layered trauma, experience...
Czech occupational therapists' perspective on dark side occupations
Zuzana Rodová, Petra Hospodková, Kateřina Vondrová, Olga Nováková, Vladimír Rogalewicz, Yvona Angerová
Kontakt 2025, 27(4):378-383 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2025.052
Background: Occupational therapists (OTs) mainly focus on productive and positive occupations leading to good health. Not all activities are healthy and productive, but can provide a sense of well-being when their meaning and significance (relaxation, celebrations, entertainment) are important for the client. Dark side occupations (those socially disapproved, legally questionable, or potentially harmful to health) include e.g., drinking alcohol, smoking, using addictive substances or excessive use of social networks. Aim: To explore the use of dark side occupations in the practice of Czech occupational therapists. Methods: A web-based questionnaire...
Breaking the silence: a qualitative study on older adults' perspectives and lived experiences of elder abuse
Miroslava Tokovska, Vanessa Nolasco Ferreira, Jana Šolcová, Andrea Seberíni
Kontakt 2025, 27(4):371-377 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2025.058
Background: Elder abuse represents a significant social and public health challenge in Slovakia, yet little is known about older adults' experiences with this phenomenon. Objective: This qualitative study examined the perspectives and lived experiences of older adults regarding elder abuse. Methods: Asynchronous email interviews were conducted with 27 participants (15 female, 12 male) aged 65-81 years from urban and rural Slovakia. Data were collected between September-October 2023 and analyzed using systematic text condensation. Results: Three main themes emerged: (1) unfamiliarity with sources of help (85% reported lacking knowledge about available...
A comparative study of prosocial attitudes towards homelessness among secondary school students
Lenka Štefáková, Filip Gerec, Miroslav Špánik, Jaroslav Prílepok
Kontakt 2025, 27(4):364-370 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2025.050
Introduction: Negative stereotypes and prejudices towards people experiencing homelessness persist even in the adolescent population, which may influence their attitudes, behavior, and level of acceptance towards this marginalized group. Goal: To analyze prosocial attitudes and the level of willingness to help people without homes among students of different types of secondary schools in the Dolná Orava region, identify factors influencing their readiness to provide help, and verify differences in these attitudes by type of school, age, and gender. Methods: Quantitative research (N = 639; age 14-20 years old; 56.5 % girls) used the adapted Attitudes...
Enhancing mental health in primary school children: a review of social emotional learning interventions with acceptance and commitment therapy components
Sheri Kingsdorf, Karel Pančocha*, Kateryna Ivanova
Kontakt 2025, 27(4):354-363 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2025.054
Background: A robust social-emotional learning (SEL) repertoire in children has the potential to reduce mental health-related challenges impacting conduct problems, emotional distress, and academic achievement. However, achieving consensus around the key components of SEL-based interventions in primary schools remains challenging. Methods: This scoping review aimed to investigate the applications and efficacy of evidence-based SEL practice, specifically acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) interventions, in primary school settings. A comprehensive literature search identified six studies that incorporated ACT-based interventions within primary school...
Effect of multisensory interventions on relieving procedural pain in newborns during neonatal screening
Kateřina Greplová, Bohdana Dušová, Jana Chromá, Martina Bašková
Kontakt 2025, 27(4):348-353 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2025.060
Introduction: Procedural pain in newborns is a serious clinical problem with potential long-term consequences. Multisensory non-pharmacological interventions are currently regarded as an effective and safe alternative to pharmacological pain relief. Objective: This study aimed to identify the most effective multisensory interventions during neonatal screening and assess the effect of selected perinatal factors on the intensity of the pain response. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 76 full-term newborns. The assessment of pain was conducted using the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) and the Neonatal Facial Coding System (NFCS)...
Motivation, job satisfaction, performance, and commitment of surface cleaning staff in a pediatric ICU: a cross-sectional study
Viviane Perbeline Gonçalves, Alvaro Francisco Lopes de Sousa, Helder de Pádua Lima, Daniel de Macedo Rocha, Winola Dafny Douglas de Oliveira, Verusca Soares de Souza, Luan Aparecido Alexandre Elias, Aires Garcia Santos Junior
Kontakt 2025, 27(4):340-347 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2025.051
Background: Surface cleaning and disinfection are vital to infection control in pediatric ICUs, yet those who perform them often receive little recognition, which may undermine motivation, satisfaction, performance, and organizational commitment. Aim: To assess these constructs among nursing professionals and outsourced cleaning staff in a Brazilian PICU. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 35 workers (23 nurses/technicians, 12 outsourced cleaners). Data were collected Nov/2023-Apr/2024 using self-administered questionnaires with sociodemographics and four validated scales (Motivation at Work, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, Work Performance)....
Satisfaction and professional quality of life of midwives
Lucia Mazúchová, Zuzana Škodová, Natália Černigová, Simona Kelčíková, Nora Malinovská
Kontakt 2025, 27(4):333-339 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2025.040
Introduction: To retain midwives in the profession, it is necessary to address their job satisfaction and professional quality of life, which was the focus of our study. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was chosen. The research sample consisted of 156 midwives. A questionnaire was used, the first part of which included questions focused on demographic data, job satisfaction, and positive and negative factors of professional quality of life. The second part incorporated the Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL), which consists of three subscales: Compassion Satisfaction, Burnout, and Secondary Traumatic Stress. Results: The lowest satisfaction...
The impact of professional identity and preparedness for hospital practice among undergraduate nursing students: a cross-sectional study
Santhi Muttipoll Dharmarajlu, Anuratha M D
Kontakt 2025, 27(4):326-332 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2025.046
Background: Professional identity is central to nursing preparedness, reflecting the internalization of values, norms, and roles of the profession. A strong identity fosters confidence and supports students in navigating clinical complexities. This study examines the impact of professional identity on undergraduate nursing students' preparedness for hospital practice, considering predictors such as Grade Point Average and clinical experience. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 60 undergraduate nursing students at Farasan University College. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire assessing professional identity and preparedness....
Oral care in patients with airway management: a prospective interventional study
Simona Saibertová*, Nikol Vlachová, Andrea Pokorná
Kontakt 2025, 27(4):318-325 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2025.047
Purpose: The study aims to analyse the current nursing practice of oral care in patients with invasive airway management in intensive care units (ICU). Methods: A prospective three-phase interventional study was conducted for five months (10/2024 to 01/2025) in the acute ICU of a regional hospital in the Czech Republic. The first phase was observation and evaluation of oral care quality (nine-criterion audit tool, including an 11-item knowledge questionnaire for healthcare professionals). The second phase included familiarisation with best-practice recommendations and an increase in knowledge (professional education, informational materials). The third...
Strategies to prevent or minimize missed nursing management as perceived by nurse managers: a nested, qualitative-descriptive study
Stefania Chiappinotto, Gulcan Taskiran Eskici, Francesca Miorin, Alvisa Palese
Kontakt 2025, 27(4):313-317 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2025.048
Introduction: The concept of Missed Nursing Management (MNM) - referring to the functions that nurse managers omit or postpone in their daily practice for various reasons - has recently emerged in the literature. However, no evidence has been published on strategies to reduce or mitigate this phenomenon. The aim of the study was to explore the strategies to avoid missed nursing management as perceived by Italian nurse managers (NMs). Methods: A nested, qualitative-descriptive study conducted in 2024 by interviewing a sample of 22 nurses. They worked as clinical nurses, nurse managers, nurse executives, nurse educators, and as members of nurse manager...
Insights into healthcare workers' views on the electronic hand hygiene monitoring system
Vanesa Chebenová, Veronika Bučková, Zuzana Škvarková, Andrea Botíková, Jaroslava Sokolová
Kontakt 2025, 27(4):309-312 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2025.059
Aim: This study analyzed healthcare workers' attitudes towards an electronic digital hand hygiene (HH) monitoring system before and after its implementation at Trnava University Hospital (FNTT). Methods: A comparative before-and-after study was conducted using the NosoEx® electronic HH monitoring system (GWA Hygiene GmbH) in two clinics at FNTT, Slovakia. The study periods were 24.04.2023 - 31.12.2023 and 22.04.2024 - 31.12.2024. A total of 277 healthcare workers participated in the surveys. Results: After implementation, willingness to have behaviour monitored increased significantly at the clinic without transponders from 77.4% to 97.0% (p...
The prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) in marginalised Roma populations: a quantitative analysis in three segregated settlements of Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County, Hungary
Kinga Pauwlik, Gyöngyi Major, Krisztina Gebriné Éles, Anita R. Fedor
Kontakt 2025, 27(4):303-308 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2025.057
Objectives: This study examined the prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) among Roma women living in segregated settlements in Hungary and explored associated social and behavioural risk factors, with particular attention to health behaviours and access to antenatal care. Design and participants: A cross-sectional quantitative survey was conducted with 231 Roma women from three segregated settlements in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County. Data were collected through structured, face-to-face interviews in the participants' home environment. Methods: The questionnaire included sociodemographic, behavioural, and antenatal care variables. Data were analysed...