Kontakt X:X | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2026.060

Gender-specific differences in factors influencing attitude towards end-of-life care: a cross-sectional study among primary healthcare nursesOšetřovatelství - původní práce

Muhamad Zulfatul A'la ORCID...1, *, Farin Eka Meilinda1, Kushariyadi1, Ika Adelia Susanti ORCID...1, Farida Nur Qomariyah ORCID...1, Rondhianto ORCID...1, Yuwadee Wittayapun ORCID...2
1 Universitas Jember, Faculty of Nursing, Jember, Indonesia
2 Walailak University, School of Allied Health Sciences, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand

Background: Primary healthcare (PHC) nurses play a crucial role in delivering end-of-life care (EOLC). Exploring PHC nurses' attitudes towards EOLC based on gender is essential. This study aimed to examine attitudes toward EOLC through a gender-specific analysis among PHC nurses.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among PHC nurses in Jember, Indonesia. The sample size yielded 114 respondents. 45 male and 69 female PHC nurses were selected through simple random sampling. A demographic questionnaire and the Frommelt Attitudes Toward Care of the Dying Care Form B were utilized. Data analysis employed the Pearson correlation test, the chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and linear regression.

Results: Across the entire PHC nurse sample, experience caring for end-of-life patients and experience attending EOLC training were significantly positive associated with attitudes toward EOLC (p = 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). In gender-specific analyses, experience attending EOLC training was the primary factor associated with more positive attitudes among male nurses (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, among female nurses, experience caring for the end-of-life patients was significantly associated with more positive attitudes toward EOLC (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: The gender-based analysis reveals substantial differences, underscoring the importance of gender-specific analysis in EOLC attitudes among PHC nurses. Distinct factors influence EOLC attitudes in male and female nurses. Further research is essential to develop gender-specific interventions to improve attitudes toward EOLC among PHC nurses.

Klíčová slova: Attitude toward end-of-life care; FATCOD-B; Gender; Nurse; Primary healthcare
Střet zájmů:

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Vloženo: 24. únor 2026; Revidováno: 1. červen 2026; Přijato: 6. říjen 2026; Zveřejněno online: 7. říjen 2026 

Stáhnout citaci

Reference

  1. Abate AT, Amdie FZ, Bayu NH, Gebeyehu D, G/Mariam T (2019). Knowledge, attitude and associated factors towards end of life care among nurses' working in Amhara Referral Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Res Notes 12(1): 521. DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4567-7. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  2. A'la MZ, Setioputro B, Kurniawan DE (2018). Nursing Students' Attitudes towards Caring for Dying Patients. Nurse Media J Nurs 8(1): 25. DOI: 10.14710/nmjn.v8i1.17270. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  3. Alhusamiah B, Zeilani RS (2025). Assessment of oncology nurses' and physicians' attitudes toward death and end-of-life care, along with contributing factors: A cross-sectional study. Omega (Westport) 13: 302228251320685. DOI: 10.1177/00302228251320685. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  4. Almagharbeh WT, Alfanash HA, Alnawafleh KA, Alasmari AA, Alharbi AA, Altayar MA, et al. (2025). Exploring Gender Disparities in Emotional Intelligence, Leadership Access, and Career Development Among Jordanian Nurses. J Nurs Manag 2025: 8824621. DOI: 10.1155/jonm/8824621. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  5. Alshammari F, Sim J, Lapkin S, McErlean G (2023). Registered Nurses' attitudes towards end-of-life care: A sequential explanatory mixed method study. J Clin Nurs 32(19-20): 7162-7174. DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16787. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  6. Altarawneh WM, Masa'deh R, Hamaideh SH, Saleh AM, Alhalaiqa F (2023). Nurses' knowledge, attitudes and practices towards palliative care provided to patients diagnosed with cancer. PLoS One 18(10): e0289317. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289317. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  7. Anonjarn K, Matchim Y (2025). Effectiveness of end-of-life Care in the community in the Asian context: A systematic review. Inquiry 62: 469580251382394. DOI: 10.1177/00469580251382394. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  8. Ashrafizadeh H, Mojen LK, Barasteh S, Akbari ME, Beiranvand S, Farahani AS, et al. (2022). Factors Related to Nurses and Physicians' Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Palliative Care. Int J Cancer Manag 15(2): e122653. DOI: 10.5812/ijcm-122653. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  9. Bassah N, Vaughn L, Santos Salas A (2023). Nurse-led adult palliative care models in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review. J Adv Nurs 79(11): 4112-4126. DOI: 10.1111/jan.15646. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  10. Bayram R, Kiziltan B (2025). Intensive care nurses' perceptions of good death and end-of-life care attitudes and behaviors: a descriptive and correlational quantitative study. BMC Palliat Care 24(1): 305. DOI: 10.1186/s12904-025-01933-w. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  11. Chun Koh RF, Pardosi JF, Njoto EN (2025). Mapping the landscape of palliative care in Indonesia: A Scoping Review of Availability, Accessibility, and Quality. J Health Sci Med Res 44(2): e20251250. DOI: 10.31584/jhsmr.20251250. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  12. Daniel ES, Ann LK, Ramdeen GM, Sowbhagyarathna TG, Balamurugan G, Vijayarani M, et al. (2024). Effectiveness of a palliative care course on attitude of nursing students towards care of dying patients: an Indian perspective. HPMIJ 7(2): 54-60. DOI: 10.15406/hpmij.2024.07.00240. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  13. Deng X, Chen S, Li X, Tan C, Li W, Zhong C, et al. (2023). Gender differences in empathy, emotional intelligence andproblem-solving ability among nursing students: A cross-sectional study. Nurse Educ Today 120: 105649. DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105649. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  14. Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang AG, Buchner A (2007). G*Power: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods 39(2): 175-191. DOI: 10.3758/bf03193146. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  15. Frommelt KHMM (2003). Attitudes toward care of the terminally ill: An educational intervention. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 20(1): 13-22. DOI: 10.1177/104990910302000108. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  16. Gagnon MC, Hébert J (2023). Gaining a better understanding of the needs of rural cancer patients requiring in-home palliative and end-of-life care and nursing care and services. Can Oncol Nurs J 33(1): 46-60. DOI: 10.5737/2368807633146. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  17. Hao Y, Zhan L, Huang M, Cui X, Zhou Y, Xu E (2021). Nurses' knowledge and attitudes towards palliative care and death: a learning intervention. BMC Palliat Care 20(1): 50. DOI: 10.1186/s12904-021-00738-x. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  18. Hingley S, Shimoinaba K, Wettenhall J, Recoche K (2024). A palliative care communication simulation for undergraduate nursing and midwifery students: A pilot study. Palliat Support Care 22(6): 1653-1660. DOI: 10.1017/S1478951523000883. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  19. Indarwati R, Fauziningtyas R, Kuncahyo GD, Tristiana RD, Chan CM, Smith GD (2019). Palliative and end-of-life care's barriers for older adults. Work Older People 24(1): 72-80. DOI: 10.1108/WWOP-08-2019-0021. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  20. Knaul FM, Farmer PE, Krakauer EL, De Lima L, Bhadelia A, Jiang Kwete X, et al. (2018). Alleviating the access abyss in palliative care and pain relief - an imperative of universal health coverage: the Lancet Commission report. Lancet 391(10128): 1391-1454. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32513-8. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  21. Krężel P, Kuczyńska M, Owsianowska J, Wieder-Huszla S, Jurczak A (2025). Polish translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and psychometric evaluation of the Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of the Dying Scale - Form A (FATCOD-A) among nurses. BMC Nurs 24(1): 1343. DOI: 10.1186/s12912-025-03994-x. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  22. Liu Q, De Ala MB (2025). Research Progress on Attitude toward Care of the Dying Patients and Influencing Factors of Nursing Students. Open J Soc Sci 13(6): 50-62. DOI: 10.4236/jss.2025.136004. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  23. Mitchell S, Fuller C, Doyle A, Ziegler L (2025). Primary care must be prioritised to achieve universal palliative care. Br J Gen Pract 75(759): 438-439. DOI: 10.3399/BJGP.2025.0344. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  24. Narayanan D, Chandrasekaran AS, S EAR, Vyas N (2025). Gender disparities in end-of-life care: A scoping review of patient, caregiver and care provider perspectives in low-and middle-income countries. BMC Palliat Care 24(1): 62. DOI: 10.1186/s12904-025-01702-9. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  25. Natuhwera G, Namisango E, Ellis P (2025). Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, and Correlates in Palliative and End-of-Life Care: Quantitative Insights from Final-Year Nursing and Medical Students in a Mixed-Methods Study. Palliat Care Soc Pract 19: 26323524251316901. DOI: 10.1177/26323524251316901. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  26. Peeler A, Afolabi OA, Sleeman KE, El Akoum M, Gafer N, Hammerich A, Harding R (2025). Confronting global inequities in palliative care. BMJ Glob Health 10(5): e017624. DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2024-017624. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  27. Pinto S, Lopes S, de Sousa AB, Delalibera M, Gomes B (2024). Patient and Family Preferences About Place of End-of-Life Care and Death: An Umbrella Review. J Pain Symptom Manage 67(5): e439-e452. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2024.01.014. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  28. Savard I, Costanzo GS, Henderson C, Gray DC, Rogers M, Kilpatrick K (2025). Unlocking the potential of primary healthcare nurse practitioners globally: A concept analysis of their added value. Nurs Outlook 73(2): 102358. DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2025.102358. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  29. Wilson F, Wardani E, Ryan T, Gardiner C, Talpur A (2024). Barriers and mechanisms to the development of palliative care in Aceh, Indonesia. Prog Palliat Care 32(1): 22-28. DOI: 10.1080/09699260.2023.2256177. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
  30. Wong AD, Phillips SP (2023). Gender Disparities in End of Life Care: A Scoping Review. J Palliat Care 38(1): 78-96. DOI: 10.1177/08258597221120707. Přejít k původnímu zdroji... Přejít na PubMed...
  31. WHO (2021). Quality health services and palliative care: practical approaches and resources to support policy, strategy and practice. [online] [cit. 2026-02-12]. Available from: https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/345674/9789240035164-eng.pdf?sequence=1
  32. Zheng H, Li R, Ma H, Cheng Q, Zhang Y, Gong Y, Luo L (2025). A multicenter cross-sectional study on nurses' attitudes toward end-of-life care and influencing factors: a latent profile analysis. BMC Nurs 24(1): 645. DOI: 10.1186/s12912-025-03240-4. Přejít k původnímu zdroji...

Tento článek je publikován v režimu tzv. otevřeného přístupu k vědeckým informacím (Open Access), který je distribuován pod licencí Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), která umožňuje nekomerční distribuci, reprodukci a změny, pokud je původní dílo řádně ocitováno. Není povolena distribuce, reprodukce nebo změna, která není v souladu s podmínkami této licence.