Kontakt, 2010 (vol. 12), issue 4

Leadership in nursingEditorial

Věra Veisová, Valérie Tóthová

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):369-379  

The theme "leadership in nursing" have still recently been an unknown concept. Many people unconsciously applied its elements to their professional as well as private life, used particular methods of the leadership and thus achieved required targets not only in their work with clients but also with their families. The "leadership" itself was then considered rather in association with war conflicts and dictators than with methods of the work with people, which can be used within the framework of the nursing process or other peaceful activities. The purpose of the work presented here is a presentation of results of the analysis of domestic as well as...

Opinions of the professional and lay public concerning possible role of midwives in the community careNursing

Andrea Festová, Sylva Bártlová, Valérie Tóthová

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):380-386 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2010.051  

The article acquaints the reader with partial results of a grant project focused on the role of community nurses in the system of Czech health services. The community is today considered as an important environment for mothers, suckling babies and families for granting the health care, which is safe, kind, economical and of good quality. According to G. Leifer, the contemporary obstetric practice is aimed at the best experience of the whole family and the obstetrics recognizes the family as a unique system.For the project implementation, a controlled interview was implemented with 1007 physicians and 1005 nurses - professionals, and with 2020 citizens...

Supporting parents in the case of foetus perinatal deathNursing

Pavla Kasparková, Radka Bužgová

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):387-398 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2010.052  

The target of the research was to describe feelings and experience of women after the delivery of a dead child. The research was carried out by a qualitative method by using a small group of respondents. A method of the data accumulation, non-structured interview and analysis of the document contents were used. Free answers of women (n=7) who delivered a dead child were analyzed. The method offers a possibility of better understanding the problems of the respondents considered. The respondents spontaneously described feelings experienced depending on encountering certain situations. Based on the data analysis, the following categories and subcategories...

Use of standardized scales for evaluation of seniorsNursing

Lucie Sikorová, Darja Jarošová, Jana Marečková, Hana Pajorová

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):399-406 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2010.053  

The contribution presents results of an examination implemented in the agency of home care and its partial target was verification of the applicability of selected scales - BMI, Barthlet test of daily life activities (ADL), Questionnaire for functional assessment of the patient, Evaluation of the nutritional condition, Evaluation of risk of development of decubiti by Northon, Evaluation of the pain intensity, Evaluation of mental health, Evaluation of depression in geriatric patients and Test of cognitive functions Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) in seniors (n=162). The chosen battery of tests was first verified in a pilot examination (n=20). The methods...

Proposal of criteria for selection of experts for validation of nursing diagnoses in the Czech Republic and Slovak RepublicNursing

Renáta Zeleníková, Katarína Žiaková, Juraj Čáp, Darja Jarošová, Yvetta Vrublová

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):407-413 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2010.054  

In the validation of nursing diagnoses, which has a superior position in the research in the field of the nursing diagnostics, there is an important role of a group of nurses-specialists. Validation studies cannot be performed without their cooperation. A consequent choice of a group of experts is an important step in the process of the validation of nursing diagnoses. Accurate criteria for the identification of experts were delimited by Fehring in 1994 (Fehring, 1994, p. 59), but they cannot be employed in any country to their whole extent. The authors of particular validation studies use their partial modifications depending on the type of the study...

Selected aspects of the quality of life of technical university studentsHealth and Social Sciences

Zdeněk Valjent, Libor Flemr

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):414-424 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2010.055  

The authors implemented an empirical research with the use of a questionnaire examination. The research was performed in students who completed at least two years of the study, in May to June 2008. A pilot study including the reliability test was performed in 53 students; the main research group included 1361 students - 1053 boys and 308 girls. To reveal the importance of information communicated (Disman, 2006) the technique of qualitative research was also conclusively employed - several types of interviews.A number of important findings were obtained in the study. In the determination of the satisfaction with the life, the university students...

Analysis of need for volunteers in health and social spheresHealth and Social Sciences

Barbora Vernerová, Alena Sitárová

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):425-434 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2010.056  

In our republic, volunteer activities are currently being less used compared to the situation in abroad. Volunteers are usually included into different activities of organizations acting in many fields of public life (ecology, health and social spheres, culture, sport and education, etc.). Of course, the volunteers are most frequently involved in activities in the health and social spheres.In the theoretical part, the article presented here deals with general problems of volunteer activities and their use in the field of health and social services. In a further part, it is focused on a description of the research itself and its results. The target...

Searching for model of taking care of non-self-sufficient family membersHealth and Social Sciences

Romana Benešová

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):435-445 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2010.057  

Given the demographic aging of the population, the theme of taking the family care of seniors becomes an ever more important problem of the research in sociology. In accordance with this, the target of the study is searching for methods and principles of helping family members within the family. The article is based on a sociological research, which inter alia studied the measure of the financial help granted, emotional support and support through taking care of non-self-sufficient family members between generations. In attempts to reveal principles of the inter-generation care, three theories were tested as follows: the reciprocal theory, the theory...

Level of contribution to care in rehabilitated persons with multiple sclerosis (evaluated according to the International Classification of Functional Capacities, Disability and Health)Health and Social Sciences

Hana Matlasová

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):446-456 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2010.058  

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease, in which the human immune system attacks the central and peripheral nervous system (i.e. the brain and medulla) thus causing demyelinization (i.e. disintegration of myelin sheaths). The disease particularly affects young adults aged 20 to 40 years. Its occurrence is more frequent in women: in a ratio of 2:1. Multiple sclerosis causes disability and brings severe physical, mental, social, working and economic consequences. The concept of disability is a topical problem of contemporary medicine. The disability is considered as a decrease in functional capacities of an individual at a level of an organ...

Costs of providing nursing and rehabilitation care in institutions of social servicesHealth and Social Sciences

Věra Jeřábková, Ladislav Průša

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):457-463 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2010.059  

One of the largest problems in providing social services in institutions with accommodation occurring after the effectivity date of Law No. 108/2006 Sb. On social services is the fact that health insurance companies (particularly the General Health Insurance Company), inconsistently with the legal condition, refuse financing of the nursing care in these institutions to the extent indicated by physicians from the system of the public health insurance. The target of the present contribution is to acquaint the professional public with the quantification of the extent of costs of the nursing care in institutions of social services providing the accommodation...

Muscle pattern of jointsBiomedicine

Miroslav Tichý, Eva Macková, Marek Jelínek, František Ťupa

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):464-471 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2010.060  

The literature search presented here is supposed to offer an outline of the literature concerning the function of skeletal muscles during natural movements. The clinical experience shows that different skeletal muscles of a certain joint do not exert the same functional behaviour. Some of them obviously play a larger role in the locomotion, some others being more important for the joint stability. The results of the search for the literature demonstrate that: a) every skeletal muscle performs a combination of movements simultaneously about all the axes available for the joint; b) every joint of the human body exerts its typical physiological movement...

Functional joint block and its symptomsBiomedicine

Miroslav Tichý, Marek Jelínek, Eva Macková

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):472-479 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2010.061  

The functional joint block is one of the most frequent functional disorders in the locomotor apparatus. Changes in the movement range, physiological position and anatomical barrier of the joint and size of the joint clearance are insufficiently described in manual medicine textbook. The work presented here summarizes our clinical experiences and results of our research carried out over recent years. We concluded that it is necessary to supplement the existing descriptions by the following facts. The total range of the movement does not vary in the joint functional block, however, there is a relative change in the magnitude of partial movements forming...

Biologický účinek ultrafialového zářeníPopularizace vědy

Zuzana Freitinger Skalická, Zdeněk Hon, Leoš Navrátil

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):480-486 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2010.062  

Majú naše vysoké školy pomáhať riešiť zdravotné a sociálne problémy doma alebo v rozvojových krajinách?Varia

Libuša Radková, Miloš Velemínský

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):487 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2010.063  

Nesezdané soužití - součást proměny rodiny (přehledová studie)Varia

Miluše Vítečková, Iva Brabcová

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):488-499 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2010.064  

Metodika měření podtlaku ve sběrných láhvích redonovy drenážeVaria

Andrea Sedláčková, Arnošt Pellant, Jan Mejzlík, Pavel Rozsíval

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):500-503 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2010.065  

Záškodná, H., Mlčák, Z.: Osobnostní aspekty prosociálního chování a empatieReviews

František Baumgartner

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):504  

Charvátová, M., Popkov, A.: Základní vědomosti o chemických, biologických a jaderných zbraních a možnostech jejich teroristického zneužitíReviews

Jiří Patočka

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):505  

Bajgar J. (editor): Central and Peripheral Nervous System: Effects of Highly Toxic Organophosphates and Their AntidotesReviews

Jiří Patočka

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):506  

Dudák, V. - Holečková, M.: Myšlenkování. V zahradách bohů, snílků a filosofůReviews

Jan Vitoň

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):507-508  

ZprávyNews

Vlasta Kursová, Marie Trešlová, Andrea Hudáčková

Kontakt 2010, 12(4):509-517 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2010.070