Kontakt, 2008 (vol. 10), issue 2
K devadesátému výročí vzniku Československé republikyEditorial
Josef Dolista
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):251-252 
"Sieť diagnostiky smrti človeka"
Michal Drobný, Beata Sániová
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):253-256 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.039
Satisfaction of seniors with institutional care in the Moravian-Silesian RegionNursing
Radka Bužgová
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):257-263 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.040
The evaluation of the satisfaction of clients with the institutional care is one of parameters of the quality of the services granted. The target of the research was to find what is the evaluation of the satisfaction by the clients of homes for seniors in the Moravian-Silesian Region and what are the factors affecting this satisfaction. The research sample included 488 clients from 12 old people's homes sponsored by the Moravian-Silesian Region and Ostrava City Council. A questionnaire of the satisfaction of inhabitants with the home for seniors was used for the data accumulation, which was presented to clients by the form of a standardized interview....
Education of healthcare professionals in the field of palliative careNursing
Jana Slováková
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):264-273 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.041
The target of our contribution is to use an analytical method for the demonstration of the origination, development and current condition of educational programmes in countries having long-term tradition in the field of palliative care (the USA, Canada) and in countries, where the palliative care is being implemented for rather shorter periods (Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic and Slovak Republic).The development of the palliative care in every country depends on legislative, social, economical and cultural factors. In spite of this, particular countries mutually attempt to improve conditions for providing palliative care and increasing its quality....
Problems of methodology of the life quality research in the Romany ethnic group in Slovakia in view of nursing activitiesNursing
Michaela Dingová, Mária Nemčeková
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):274-282 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.042
In the present contribution, the authors indicate a problem, which occurred in association with the assessment of the quality of life of members of the Romany minority in Slovakia. The concept of the quality of life and its measurement is universal, primarily established and employed by majority societies - mostly or possibly exclusively by societies of so called Euro-American type. In the course of forming the concept of the quality of life in the discursion of nursing and in association with the target group, a question emerged, which became as important as the primary research intention. Is it possible to implement this universal approach given...
Chinese patient in Czech healthcare systemNursing
Pavel Scholz, Valérie Tóthová
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):283-287 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.043
Given the increasing number of inhabitants of the People's Republic of China and contemporary globalisation tendencies in the society including inhabitants of this Republic, it is of course necessary to know at least principal information concerning members of the Chinese minority living in the Czech Republic and their specific features in the field of nursing care. This research work was elaborated with the use of qualitative research methods. The research target of the present work was to consider special features of the nursing care, which should be respected according to the members of the Chinese minority. The data accumulation was provided with...
Results selected from the research work "Traditional Chinese medicine and current nursing"Nursing
Lucie Rolantová, Valérie Tóthová
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):288-294 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.044
The traditional Chinese medicine belongs to the oldest treatment methods. It is focused on supporting the body in re-establishment of equilibrium and harmony, which were disturbed. The diagnostics in the traditional Chinese medicine is also considerably different from methods employed in west medicine. The traditional Chinese medicine helps treat a number of health problems, but is also serves as a prevention of the disease origination.Over recent years, the Czech Republic became a target country of immigrant groups as well as individuals from neighbouring countries and remote areas. In our country, the most numerous immigrants are members of Chinese...
Implementation of effective culturally differentiated nursing care within Chinese minority in the Czech RepublicNursing
Helena Michálková, Lenka Šedová, Valérie Tóthová
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):295-302 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.045
The research was aimed at the Chinese minority in the Czech Republic. The project was focused on mapping opinions of Chinese citizens on the quality of health services in the Czech Republic, determining communication capacity of the Chinese minority in health facilities and mapping the attitude of this minority to its health. Three questionnaires were prepared for accumulation of basic data for the solution of these tasks, which were translated into Chinese language. In the first questionnaire, we considered mapping of the attitude and opinions of minorities concerning their health; the second questionnaire was directed to the life style and its aspects....
Moral aspects of the human foetus in practice of midwivesNursing
Eva Urbanová
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):303-309 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.046
The target of the research described here was the recognition by midwives of the moral statute of the foetus based on comparing their attitude to the position of the ontological personalism and moral gradualism.Seventy-nine midwives were included into the study, who participated in taking care of women who underwent interruption in the second trimester of pregnancy. The attitudes of the midwives were identified with the help of specific theses in a non-standardized questionnaire with the use of the Likert scale of summed estimates. Particular theses respected the internal structure of the attitude, which means that they were divided into groups...
Education of providers of social services in the field of problems of seniorsHealth and Social Sciences
Radka Prokešová
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):310-316 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.047
In the period from September 2006 to June 2008, the Faculty of Health and Social Studies of the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice implemented the project "Education of providers of social services in the field of problems of seniors".The target of the project was preparation of accredited lifelong education aimed at needs of providers of social services directly taking care of seniors and implementation of the education for these staff members.Before the project was initiated, the interest of the target group in the education proposed was identified by telephone interviews. Based on results of the telephone interviews, eight education...
Salesians of Don Bosco and their work with Romany children in České BudějoviceHealth and Social Sciences
David Urban, Alena Kajanová
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):317-322 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.048
Salesians of Don Bosco are a catholic religious order, which is traditionally aimed at work with children and youth from socially weak and threatened groups. In the Czech Republic, they are successfully involved in the organization of free-time and extra-school educational activities for Romany children and youth. In addition to the varied offer of favourable activities, there are also friendly relationships between assistants and clients, which results in high rate of regular visits of Romany people in the centres.Romany people are currently the most numerous minority in the Czech society, which traditionally exerts the largest differences and...
Planning of social services for generation 50 plus from the viewpoint of local administrationHealth and Social Sciences
Lucie Kozlová, Petr Pták
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):323-325 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.049
The contribution describes the system of social services in the Czech Republic, the advantage of which can be taken not only by persons over 50 years of age. The social services are based on the Law on social services delimiting the terminology and grouping the services by different types and forms. The contribution deals with the social services most frequently used by the generation 50 plus and proposes suitable approaches to planning social services in a way providing the efficacy of compiled plans of social services for villages, cities and regions and their comparability and agreement with the methodology of the Ministry of Labour and Social Services...
Most typical causes of homelessness in seniorsHealth and Social Sciences
Martin Vereš
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):326-333 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.050
The scope of the contribution is focused on causes of homelessness. The homelessness is a multidimensional phenomenon and concerns all age categories including seniors. The phenomenon results not only in the absence of satisfying principal living needs but also in rather more painful consequences. The depreciation of the value of the human life, social separation, stigmatization, absence of privacy and safety are the features associated with social exclusion, which is in its extreme form represented by the homelessness.The contribution demonstrates missing unambiguous delimitation or definition of causes, which are the triggering factors of the...
Conditions of taking care for seniors with reduced self-sufficiency in the context of contemporary changesHealth and Social Sciences
Hana Francová, Aleš Novotný
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):334-338 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.051
To provide taking care of seniors with reduced self-sufficiency, the social policy in many western countries attempts to find a solution in a return to the care within the family due to the demographic development. The principal concept of a larger implementation of this care is the co-responsibility of adult children for living conditions of elderly parents, the utilization of the potential of family members and simultaneously also emphasize put on the satisfaction of wider needs concerning relationships and interactions in persons who are dependent on care provided by other people. Thus, the target of the present contribution is to point out barriers...
Voluntary activity of handicapped peopleHealth and Social Sciences
Katarína Bundzelová
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):339-346 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.052
In the contribution presented here, we consider the participation of handicapped people in voluntary activities, importance of these activities in the life of handicapped volunteers as well as advantages, which can the handicapped people enjoy thanks to their volunteer activity. We try to reveal the latent potential of the volunteer activities, which can also be considerably beneficial to handicapped people.The target of our research was to find whether the participation of handicapped people in voluntary activities brings them a fulfilment of their lives and whether it helps them overcome restrictions resulting from their handicaps.The research...
Position of health services in the Czech social security systemHealth and Social Sciences
Marie Brandejsová
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):347-353 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.053
The system of the social security of inhabitants in the Czech Republic currently includes three relatively independent and subsequently associated components - systems of the social insurance, state social support and social assistance. These systems differ from each other by their organization, by methods of the solution of the social situation and by the way of granting benefits. Within the scope of the social security system, social situations are being currently solved, for which the citizens can be preliminarily prepared by the form of the postponement of a part of their current needs to cover consequences of their future unsure social situation....
Smoking in seniorsHealth and Social Sciences
Kvetoslava Kotrbová, František Kotrba, Vladimír Vurm
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):354-359 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.054
The prevalence of smoking as a topical health problem in most countries exerts a moderate decrease in the tobacco consumption over the last years, particularly among men and older age groups, but an increasing trend among women and particularly younger age groups and children, which are also primarily targets not only of the marketing attempts of tobacco companies but also of most contemporary research programmes. Thus, the authors aimed their work, in association with holding the conference Problems of Generation 50 plus, which is regularly co-organized by the Faculty of Health and Social Studies of the University of South Bohemia, at following the...
Smoking of women in the period of pregnancy - cultural and regional differences in SlovakiaHealth and Social Sciences
Martina Bašková
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):360-367 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.055
The target of the research presented was mapping of the occurrence of smoking tobacco and level of knowledge and standpoints concerning the healthy life style and identification of differences in behavioural and risk factors from the viewpoint of the region (Komárno, Nové Zámky, Martin), nationality (Slovak, Hungarian) and achieved level of education (primary school, secondary school, university).The group of women examined is a comparative retrospective study from the standpoint of methodology. We monitored and compared three groups of hospitalized women immediately after the delivery in regions of Martin (central Slovakia), Komárno and Nové Zámky...
Contents of caesium-137 in forest ecosystem of the locality ÚjezdHealth and Social Sciences
Jiří Havránek, Renata Havránková
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):368-373 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.056
After the accident in the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986, the area of the Czech Republic was polluted with radioactive substances. Their deposition was affected by atmospheric streaming and particularly precipitations, which supported washing the radionuclide out of the atmosphere. Further important sources are contaminants produced during nuclear weapon tests in the atmosphere. From the standpoint of long-term contamination, the most important radionuclide is caesium-137, which is absorbed by animal and plant tissues including woody species. There is a particular problem of the contamination of forest fruits and mushrooms, which are parts of...
Profile of children with cochlear implantates in the Heidelberg speech evolution testHealth and Social Sciences
Milena Nosková
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):374-381 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.057
The human speech is one of the most perfect means of the human communication. The complex development of the speech capacity is an important assumption for functioning of individuals within the framework of the given social system and also assumption for the social education orientation and literacy. The human society is dependent on the hearing perception. It is considered that man acquires as much as 65% of information about the surrounding world through the acoustic channel. Auditory perception is one of principal cognitive processes, which is associated with further processes, which are in the final consequences associated with the highest forms...
Physical activities in patients with multiple sclerosisHealth and Social Sciences
Hana Matlasová, Jana Kupková
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):382-388 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.058
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease of the central and peripheral nervous system. This is a demyelinization and autoimmune disease. It rather involves patients in productive age, i.e. between 20 and 40 years of age, most frequently women. Clinical manifestations of the disease are considerably diverse (for example doubled vision, disorders of mobility and coordination). The treatment of multiple sclerosis calls for a complex approach. In addition to pharmacotherapy, rehabilitation and regimen provisions are also of importance. Regular physical activity helps maintain the physical condition and mobility, prevents origination of painful spasms and...
Medical and social aspects of the quality of life of people with chronic diseasesHealth and Social Sciences
Gabriela Bachoreczová, Ingrid Meňkyová
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):389-396 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.059
The scope of the present contribution is extraordinarily topical in terms of currently preferred social problems in the field of the social work and social services. It brings topical information and evaluation of activities of the givers of services and seniors living in institutional conditions. The authors point out reserves present in the given field and simultaneously offer proposals of solutions for subjects of the social work, i.e. effective formation of the political strategy and projects, active cooperation in social security, etc.The target of the research presented by the authors was mapping of the situation in granting the health and...
I am mentally ill and I want to workHealth and Social Sciences
Beáta Balogová
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):397-409 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.060
As long as over the last 6 years, the Slovak Ministry of Labour, Social Affairs and Family is supporting employers, who are helpful in respecting equal chances under conditions of the Slovak market. This is the topic of establishing equal conditions not only for men and women, but also for handicapped, mentally ill people compared to healthy persons. The author offers a solution of the social situation of mentally ill people through the mediation of the multidisciplinary triad process, where the mentally ill person passes through three stages: patient - client - employee. Emphasize is put on effective and purposeful diagnostics based on directed theory...
Effects of qualification and job opportunities on the quality of life in the population with sight handicapsHealth and Social Sciences
Petr Jánský
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):410-416 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.061
The human society as whole derives the position of its particular members within its own structures depending on their potential contributions and opportunities. These potential contributions and opportunities are particularly achieved by education.The target of the work was to find whether the measure of the qualification (education) and potential opportunities of individuals with handicapped sight are directly proportional to the measure of the positivity which exerts the society in its attitude to these individuals, and whether the potential contribution and opportunity can be one of ways in individuals with handicapped sight making them possible...
Integration of people with health handicaps at secondary schools as considered by healthy studentsHealth and Social Sciences
František Radi
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):417-426 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.062
The target of the work is the evaluation of the importance of the integration of handicapped people for the students without health handicaps.The integration is a process also concerning the sphere of human rights and freedoms in addition to issues associated with economy, industry, transportation and culture. Our main feature is that we are thinking human beings, which presents a difference from plants and animals. We are different in our sex, colour of the skin, ethnic characteristics, religion, sexual orientation, cultural and political principles, but we are conscious subjects and thus, we can rightfully enjoy our right - right of worthy and...
Measures aimed at personnel stabilization in the field of advisory medicineHealth and Social Sciences
Libuše Čeledová, Rostislav Čevela
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):427-434 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.063
The intention of the authors was to propose measures aimed at providing the personnel stabilization in the field of advisory medicine, where the personnel is permanently undersized and it is necessary to consider that the impact of the activity of medical advisors on the national budget is of the order of magnitude of several tens of milliard CZK annually. The work was based on an examination carried out by the company Factum Invenio for the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, which provided information on opinions of medical advisors and expert medical public concerning the activity of the medical advisory service. The examination named "Opinions...
Importance of monitoring the brain activity in newborns with early onset asphyxial syndromeHealth and Social Sciences
Jana Lukášková, Zdeňka Tomšíková, Zdeněk Kokštein
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):435-441 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.064
In our work, we considered foreign studies, which supported the importance of the aEEG in the early prediction of the neurological development in newborns with early onset asphyxial syndrome. The target of the work was to support a correlation between the type of the aEEG curve and degree of involvement in newborns over the first hours after the hypoxic insult and to introduce this approach into routine practice.Method: In 56 newborns, who experienced perinatal hypoxia (average umbilical pH 6.95, average BE - 17.3) and in two newborns after early onset postnatal hypoxia, the aEEG record was continuously monitored. During the evaluation of the aEEG...
New generation of anti-cancer medicinesHealth and Social Sciences
Petr Hanák
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):442-448 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.065
New anti-cancer medicines take advantage of knowledge of molecular mechanisms of malignities for aimed intervention suppressing the pathological process. The targets of the intervention are on the one hand receptors of growth factors, their ligands and molecules from connected signal paths and, on the other hand, deacetylases of histones and further molecules of the transcription apparatus. The first group comprises antibodies against receptors and mainly "small molecules" inhibiting their function. In contrast, inhibitors of histone deacetylases are a chemically heterogeneous group of substances providing the transcription of genes of different molecules...
Ergosterol: Klíčový steroid hubPopularizace vědy
Vlastimil Dohnal, Alena Ježková, Jiří Skládanka
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):449-454 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.066
Systém péče poskytované porodními asistentkami ve Velké BritániiVaria
Helena Šašková
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):455-458 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.067
Výuka babictví a porodní asistence v OlomouciVaria
Věra Vránová
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):459-464 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2008.068
Vácha Marek: Místo, na němž stojíš, je posvátná země. O kruhu úcty k člověku, přírodě a celému vesmíruReviews
Josef Dolista
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):465
Bauman Zygmunt: Szanse etyki w zglobalizowanym świecieReviews
Jan Vitoň
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):466-468
ReportsNews
Kaňková, J., Šimák, M., Navrátil, L., Konečná, H., Šimek, J., Doskočil, O., Navrátil, L.
Kontakt 2008, 10(2):469-476