Kontakt, 2009 (vol. 11), issue 2
EditorialEditorial
Josef Dolista
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):275 
Utilization of reflective practice in nursing educationNursing
Marie Trešlová
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):277-281 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.046
The reflective practice becomes a necessary communication skill for achieving the quality. In the activity of helping professions, the communication is an complex of certain skills intervened by nurses, pedagogues and managers. It is shown that students as well as nurses in practice lack the skill necessary for effective communication. This situation does not only affect the quality of the care provided and the relationship nurse - patient, but also inter-personal relationships and thus also occupational atmosphere. Thus, it contributes to the accumulation of problems instead of their solution or conduction of healthcare professional to the prevention...
Problems of providing culturally differentiated nursing care in selected minorities in the Czech RepublicNursing
Valérie Tóthová, Lucie Rolantová, Helena Michálková, Dita Nováková
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):282-291 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.047
In the 1990's, in addition to wide social and political transformations, changes in natural, cultural and ethnic structure of the Czech Republic population were initiated. These changes also present certain requirements for healthcare professionals, since when giving the health care, the procedure should provide patients/clients with effective and comprehensible care from all members of the healthcare team, which is granted with respect to and in a manner compatible with cultural - health convincing and practice of the patient/client.The target of the contribution is to show a research project, which is being implemented based on financial support...
Adhering to national accreditation standards concerning rights of patients in the Hospital České Budějovice, a. s.Nursing
Eva Polívková, Iva Brabcová, Jiřina Otásková
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):292-300 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.048
The article acquaints readers with results of research examination, which was implemented form March to April 2008. The main intention was mapping of adhering to national accreditation standards concerning rights of patients in the Hospital České Budějovice, a. s. The research examination was aimed at four areas of patient rights: acquainting patients with their rights, information of patients about their health condition, education of patients by a nurse and limitation and immobilization of patients. The research was carried out by a quantitative method with the use of the questionnaire examination technique. The research was performed in Hospital...
Quantification of nursing personnel and its qualification structure at the Department of Neurology, Hospital České Budějovice, a. s.Nursing
Darja Kavková, Iva Brabcová, Jiřina Otásková
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):301-309 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.049
The article acquaints readers with results of research examination, which was focused on determining the required number and qualification structure of the nursing personnel at the neurological department of the Hospital České Budějovice, a. s. The research was implemented from 23. 2. 2009 to 20. 3. 2009 with the use of the "Methods for establishing the number and qualification structure of nursing personnel at standard nursing units for adults at internal, surgical, gynaecological and obstetric departments, in nursing and staying beds as a starting point for establishing a standard for personnel required at each working site" by the authors Karla...
Selected measuring tools in considering cognitive functions of seniors in nursing careNursing
Martina Tomagová
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):310-319 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.050
The author deals with the use of measuring tools, such as the Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (SMMSE), Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ) and Short Form Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) in the consideration and diagnostics of cognitive functions of seniors. In general, aging is physiologically associated with a drop in the performance of cognitive functions, which is individually variable and specific. Changes in cognitive functions are present from those associated with physiologic aging through moderate cognitive deficiency (MCI - Mild Cognitive Impairment) up to dementia.The target of the work was to demonstrate the...
Dying and quality of providing needs of dying peopleNursing
Mária Homolová
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):320-327 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.051
The human being does not loss his/her dignity in the process of dying. The hospice movement attempts to provide the humanization of the dying process. The ambition of the state healthcare system should be providing the quality and appropriately affordable care for dying people. Dying is a process, in which healthcare professionals and relatives of the dying person play their important roles. The quality of taking care of the dying person on the one hand affects accepting the fact of the approaching death and, on the other hand, reduces the emotional load to the relatives.In the research, contemporary opinions concerning dying and quality of taking...
Standpoints of modern man concerning dying and deathNursing
Mária Homolová
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):328-332 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.052
The expert as well as lay consideration of conditions of dying is currently critical. Dying in hospitals is unsatisfactory. Appropriate possibilities have not yet been established for dying in hospice institutions and in the hospice care. Still persisting transfer of a patient into a social institution is an unpleasant variant of taking care of a dying person.The death is a fact stressing the dying patient as well as his/her relatives. There is an association between the death and dying and successful life relationships. Man is bound to the relationships even in the process of dying. In the light of this knowledge, the position of dying people...
Taking advantage of the theory of calm end of life in community careNursing
Alena Machová, Gabriela Sedláková, Valérie Tóthová
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):333-338 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.053
The article acquaints the reader with possibilities of using the conceptual model of the "Theory of the calm end of life" by the authors Cornelie M. Ruland and Shirley M. Moore in taking nursing care of patients at the terminal stage of their life within the framework of the hospice care.In spite of the existing spontaneous development of medicine and nursing, the care for patients at the terminal stage of their disease is still insufficient in the Czech Republic. The World Health Organization puts emphasize on the development of community nursing, which practically means a shift of the nursing care from hospital to the patient's home environment....
Die Vorzüge der Montessori-Pädagogik für die gemeinsame Erziehung behinderter und nichtbehinderter Kinder. Prinzipien der Montessori-Pädagogik als heilpädagogische HilfenHealth and Social Sciences
Theodor Hellbrügge
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):339-345 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.054
Nourishment and nutritional regimen in Romany children in the Region Ústí nad LabemHealth and Social Sciences
Dagmar Kubátová
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):346-357 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.055
Over the last ten years, at the Pedagogic Faculty of the JE Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, enhanced attention was paid to problems of the nourishment and nutritional habits of school children depending on the living standard and effects of the environment. In 1998 to 2002, nutritional habits of children in families of ethnic Romany people, which are known to live in adverse social and economic conditions, were also investigated in selected cities of the Region Ústí nad Labem.Data on nutritional habits of the Romany children were accumulated by a questionnaire method. The modified method by Mašek (in: Ošancová et Hejda, 1974) was employed...
Health condition of immigrants at a selected locality in the Czech Republic. I. - psychosocial determinants of the healthHealth and Social Sciences
Iva Brabcová
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):358-367 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.056
The article acquaints the reader with results of the project "Health condition of immigrants at a selected locality of the Czech Republic - a pilot study" which was implemented from May to December 2008. The main target of the research was mapping of the health condition of immigrants at a selected locality of the Czech Republic with the help of ten social determinants of health. The article presents results from the following thematic circuits of the research: social gradient, stress, social exclusion, childhood, social support, employment and unemployment.The research was carried out by a qualitative method with the use of a structured interview...
Establishing the database system structure next to the system of monitoring the activity and development of the Institute of Social WorkHealth and Social Sciences
Radka Prokešová, Milan Tržil, Magdalena Čapková Drábová
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):368-374 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.057
The article is focused on establishing the database system structure at the Institute of Social Work (henceforth the ISW) in association with the system of monitoring the ISW activity and development.The target of the work is to establish the structure of the database system, which will serve for storing data necessary for the ISW activity and development.The proposal is based on a previous analysis (including SWOT and analysis of the Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of South Bohemia) and it corresponds with the "ISW monitoring method" (in print). The database system proposed is related to the organizational structure and...
System of monitoring activities and development of the Institute of Social Work of the Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of South Bohemia in České BudějoviceHealth and Social Sciences
Radka Prokešová, Magdalena Čapková Drábová
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):375-380 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.058
The article is focused on the compilation of a method of monitoring indicators, with the help of which it would be possible to monitor and evaluate the activity and development of the Institute of Social Work (henceforth the ISW) and its parts - individual research regions and their centres.The main target is the preparation of the method of establishing monitoring indicators, which could be used for monitoring and evaluating the activity and development of the ISW and its parts - individual research areas and their centres,Based on the method established, it would be possible to monitor the ISW in the field of human sources, financing,...
Financing of the health care in institutions of social services providing accommodationHealth and Social Sciences
Ladislav Průša
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):381-386 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.059
Before the law on social services was issued, the largest long-term problems in providing accommodation by social services included the fact that health insurance companies (and particularly the General Health Insurance Company), controversially to the effective legal status, refused financing the nursing care to the sufficient extent and level in these institutions based on the public health insurance system and thus, this care was necessarily covered based on budget of particular institutions, which undoubtedly also affected the possibilities and quality of providing social services. The target of the contribution presented here is to acquaint the...
Role of information and communication technologies in the education of pupils with sight involvementsHealth and Social Sciences
Radka Prázdná
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):387-393 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.060
The text presents problems of pupils with sight involvement in the course of their primary education in context of forming specific competences in the field of information and communication technologies. This area has particularly a considerable dimension of integrated rehabilitation in association with sigh involvements. In this connection, the information and communication technologies are particularly tools serving the compensation for the information deficiency developed due to quantitative or qualitative changes in the field of the visual perception. The statistical examination presented is a partial outcome of a dissertation project. The mentioned...
Optimum organizational structure of the service of medical assessors - vision or fiction?Health and Social Sciences
Libuše Čeledová
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):394-400 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.061
The article deals with the organization of the service of medical assessors and its activity in context of time, development of the branch of second-opinion medicine and irreplaceable role of the medical assessor in the system of social insurance. By way of example, the role of a medical assess A levels or in decisions concerning the contribution to the care according to the law on social services is presented. The payment of the contribution to the care, which is effective since January 1, 2007, is the most dramatically growing mandatory expense within the social security system. Even after 3 years from its effectiveness, the number of applicants...
The use of internet for accumulation of sociological research data from specific target groups (minorities, subcultures)Health and Social Sciences
Veronika Kubelová, Alena Kajanová
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):401-405 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.062
The article deals with a description of particular possibilities of using internet for the sociological research and specifically for the research of certain minorities and subcultures, which are difficult to study due to their closed nature and which mainly call for a specific attitude due to enhanced requirements for saving anonymous nature of the research. The article describes particular tools applicable within the framework of the research through the mediation of internet: web interface, discussion fora, distribution of questionnaires by electronic mail and secondary analysis of data from web sites or discussion fora. The first two methods mentioned...
Spirituality of psychiatric patientsHealth and Social Sciences
Ivan Farský, Katarína Žiaková, Igor Ondrejka, Peter Halama
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):406-412 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.063
There is growing evidence that spirituality and its components (meaning of life, hope, relation to other people/nature/higher power or God) are important correlates of mental health. The Aim of our work was to assess spirituality and its components in psychiatric patients compared to healthy population. The study sample consisted of 124 patients hospitalized in Clinic of Psychiatry of JLF UK and MFN in Martin. There were 65 women and 59 men. The Control group consisted of 201 internal and external university students. There were 147 women and 54 men. All participants completed Nowotny Hope Scale, Life Meaningfulness Scale, Prague Spirituality Questionnaire...
The use of canistherapy in a child with hyperkinetic syndromeHealth and Social Sciences
Alena Lejčarová, Martina Skálová
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):413-423 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.064
Canistherapy has its justified position among other therapeutic approaches. It contributes to the development of motoricity, stimulates verbal as well as non-verbal communication and provides a possibility of relaxation. Dogs stimulate the play and motion, contribute to the mental equilibrium, improve emotional condition, are able to fulfil a role of a mediator between clients and therapists, and in the case of sensitive approach, they help remove certain types of phobia (fear of animals, of body contacts, of communication, of loneliness, etc.). The target of the work presented here was to find whether a boy with hyperkinetic syndrome aged six year...
Quality of life of haemodialysis patients in the Czech Republic as related to their physical activityBiomedicine
Andrea Mahrová, Jitka Prajsová, Václav Bunc
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):424-432 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.065
Testing the physical fitness of patients with chronic renal failure and beneficial effects of regular physical activity on the adjustment of their general functional condition and quality of life is frequently dealt with in the foreign literature. This theme has still been only sparingly discussed in the Czech Republic.The target of our work was to evaluate the effect of a 6-month application of a controlled movement activity in the course of the haemodialysis on the health-related quality of life HRQOL.The sample group included 44 haemodialysis patients (average age = 66.5 ± 14.3 years). The assessment of the quality of life in relationship...
Determinants of the quality of life in patients with non-specific bowel inflammationBiomedicine
Elena Gurková, Marcela Lilgová
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):433-443 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.066
The purpose of the work was to identify basic determinants affecting the quality of life of patients with non-specific bowel inflammation. For the measurement of the quality of life, a modified version of the questionnaire for inflammatory intestinal diseases Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) was employed. The sample group included 65 patients with non-specific bowel inflammation (Crohn disease or ulcerous colitis). For the summarized assessment of answers of respondents, descriptive statistics was used (arithmetic mean value, standard error). Differences in the quality of life based on variables selected (type of the disease, duration...
Natural derivatives of beta-alanineBiomedicine
Jiří Patočka
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):444-452 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.067
Amino acids are molecules having amino groups (-NH2), carboxylic groups (-COOH) and side chains. Amino acids play a central role as structural blocks of proteins and as intermediate metabolism products. Twenty amino acids present in proteins are carriers of their enormous chemical diversity. Natural amino acids in proteins are alpha-amino acids, which means that their amino group is located at the carbon atom bearing the carboxylic group, referred to as alpha position. However, there are also amino acids, whose amino group is located at more distant carbon atoms: beta, gamma, etc. This type of amino acid is also beta-alanine. Beta-alanine is a natural...
Radioprotective effects of therapeutic laserBiomedicine
Zuzana Freitinger Skalická, Zdeněk Hon, Leoš Navrátil
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):453-458 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.068
Ionizing 60Co gamma-radiation used in radiotherapy belongs to main exogenous sources of free radicals, which can cause damage to healthy biomolecules and tissues. Free radicals are characterized by unpaired electrons. In the presence of oxygen, a molecule of oxygen is immediately bound instead of the unpaired electron, thus producing a peroxylic radical, which tends to get the missing electron from the another compound with forming the other free radical. This chain reaction is discontinued either by a bond of two radicals one to another or by a reaction with an antioxidant. After depletion of the anti-oxidative protection, the ratio between reduced...
Pathogenesis of ulcus crurisBiomedicine
Jozef Beláček, Ján Jakubovský, Eliška Kubíková, Olia Elhassoun, Jozef Novotný
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):459-464 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.069
Citizens of the consumption society suffer from a lack of movement activities, have bad nutritional habits and other problems. Ulcus cruris also belong to consequences of the bad style of life. It is of a considerable interest to clinical as well as academic specialists. The disease of a complex nature forms a considerable civilization load to the population. By its risk nature, it deteriorates the quality of life of the person involved. Ulcus cruris presents a serious sociological-economic problem particularly involving inhabitants of economically advanced countries. This severity is based on the chronic course of the disease and also tediousness...
Vyjadřování výsledků statistického zpracování Zdravotně sociálního výzkumuVaria
Pravoslav Stránský
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):465-466 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.070
Fyzioterapie v současné moderní medicíněVaria
Marek Zeman
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):467-470 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.071
Sociální situace u dětí trpících enurézouVaria
Alena Bockschneiderová, Romana Klečková
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):471-479 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.072
Vybrané kapitoly z medicínskej etikyReviews
Miloš Velemínský
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):480-481
Děti - naděje afrického kontinentu, Očima studentů Zdravotně sociální fakulty JUReviews
Jan Vitoň
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):481-482
Sociálna ochrana starších osôb a osôb so zdravotným postihnutímReviews
Beáta Balogová
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):483-484
Možnosti perspektivy seniorského vzdělávání na vysokých školách v roce 2009News
Jana Šemberová
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):485-487 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.076
Vyznavač buddhismu na ošetřovací jednotceNews
Lenka Čoudková, Gabriela Sedláková
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):487-493 | DOI: 10.32725/kont.2009.077
Mezinárodní radiobiologický kongres po 24 letech opět v České republiceNews
Leoš Navrátil
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):493-496
V. mezinárodní konference "Ekologické a hydrometeorologické problémy velkých měst a průmyslových zón"News
Leoš Navrátil, Jozef Rosina
Kontakt 2009, 11(2):496-498